T-cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells are a novel option for adoptive cell therapy used for the treatment of several advanced forms of cancer. Work using TCR-engineered T cells began more than two decades ago, with numerous preclinical studies showing that such cells could mediate tumor lysis and eradication.
Three features are required for candidate target antigens that are used for TCR-engineered T cell treatment:
A great deal of scientific studies have shown that TCR-engineered T cells can target and kill cancer cells expressing appropriate antigens. However, for treatment to be feasible, it is necessary to first enrich TCR-gene modified antigen-specific T cells in vitro. Adoptive cell therapy with these engineered cells would be a precise therapy as it targets antigens expressed on cancer cells present in the patient.
Identifying TCR sequences is inherently difficult because each T cell contains its own unique TCR that recognizes a distinct set of pMHC molecules. Several methods have been developed to identify TCR sequences from single T cells.
Three typical procedures to obtain TCR sequence. Antigen responsive T cells are isolated; specific TCR genes are identified by single clone derived-cDNA sequencing; paired sequencing; paired sequencing of bulk DNA.
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